SAT - Free Full Practice Tests and Questions by Category <- SAT Math Exponents <- SAT Exponential Growth and Decay Practice Questions

SAT Exponential Growth and Decay Practice Questions

SAT Exponential Growth and Decay Practice Questions

1 / 10

A certain chemical reaction follows the function \( C(t) = 500(1.1)^{t/2} + 200(0.9)^{t/2} \). What is the value of \( C(t) \) after 4 units of time?

2 / 10

The population of a city decreases according to the function \( P(t) = 10000(0.95)^{t/3} \). After how many years will the population be half of its initial size?

3 / 10

A bacteria culture doubles every hour and can be modeled by the function \( B(t) = 1000(2)^{t/2} \). What is the size of the culture after 4 hours?

4 / 10

An investment grows according to the function \( I(t) = 5000(1.05)^{3t} \). How much will the investment be worth after 2 years?

5 / 10

A radioactive substance decays according to the function \( R(t) = 1000(0.9)^{2t} \). What is the amount of the substance remaining after 1 unit of time?

6 / 10

The population of a certain species can be modeled by \( p(t) = 2000(0.8)^t \). What is the population when \( t = 0 \)?

7 / 10

A bacteria culture grows according to the function \( k(z) = 500(1.5)^z \). What is the size of the culture at the start?

8 / 10

Consider the exponential growth function \( j(y) = 800(1.25)^y \). What is the value of \( j(0) \)?

9 / 10

Given the exponential decay function \( h(t) = 600(0.9)^t \), how much will remain after one unit of time?

10 / 10

If the function \( g(x) = 300(0.75)^x \) represents the depreciation of a machine over time, what is the initial value of the machine?

Your score is

0%

About This Quiz

Exponential Functions

Exponential functions are mathematical functions where the variable appears in the exponent. They are typically written in the form:

[latex] f(x) = a \\cdot b^x [/latex]

  • a: The initial value of the function (the value when [latex] x = 0 [/latex]).
  • b: The base of the exponential function. If [latex] b > 1 [/latex], the function represents exponential growth; if [latex] 0 < b < 1 [/latex], it represents exponential decay.

These functions are used to model various real-world phenomena, such as population growth, radioactive decay, compound interest, and more. Understanding how to evaluate these functions and manipulate their parameters is crucial for solving problems involving exponential growth and decay.

To successfully answer questions involving exponential functions, follow these steps:

  1. Identify the Form of the Function: Recognize whether the problem involves an exponential growth or decay function. Growth functions have bases greater than 1, while decay functions have bases between 0 and 1.
  2. Understand Initial Values: The value of the function at [latex] x = 0 [/latex] is the initial value. This is often given directly or can be calculated by substituting [latex] x = 0 [/latex] into the function.
  3. Evaluate the Function: To find the value of the function at a specific point, substitute the given value of [latex] x [/latex] into the function. Use the properties of exponents to simplify the expression.
  4. Use Logarithms When Necessary: For more complex problems, such as finding the time required to reach a certain value, you may need to use logarithms to solve for the variable in the exponent. Remember the property [latex] \\log_b(a^c) = c \\cdot \\log_b(a) [/latex].
  5. Practice Multi-Step Problems: Some questions may involve multiple steps, such as evaluating a function at different points or combining multiple functions. Break down the problem into smaller parts and tackle each part systematically.