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SAT Randomized Questions – 1 Full Math Practice Test – Answers and Detailed Explanations at the END
1 / 44
One gallon of paint will cover 180 square feet of a surface. A room has a total wall area of \(w\) square feet. Which equation represents the total amount of paint \(P\), in gallons, needed to paint the walls of the room twice?
To cover the walls twice, double the total area \(w\) to get \(2w\). Since each gallon covers 180 square feet, divide \(2w\) by 180 to get \(P = \frac{w}{90}\).
2 / 44
\(x(qx – 64) = -20.\) In the given equation, q is an integer constant. If the equation has no real solution, what is the least possible value of q?
To have no real solution, the discriminant of \(x(q x – 64) + 20 = 0\) must be negative. Solving gives \(\)q^2 < 16[/latex], so the smallest integer for [latex]q[/latex] is 4.
3 / 44
\(x^2 – 12x + 11 = 0.\) One solution to the given equation can be written as \(6 + \sqrt{k}\), where \(k\) is a constant. What is the value of \(k\)?
Using the quadratic formula, \(x = \frac{12 \pm \sqrt{144 – 44}}{2} = 6 \pm \sqrt{25}\). So, the solution can be written as \(6 + \sqrt{25}\) and the correct value of \(k\) is 25.
4 / 44
If \( 50 \) is \( p \% \) of \( 80 \), what is \( p \% \) of \( 50 \)?
To find \( p \): \( 50 = \frac{p}{100} \times 80 \implies p = \frac{50 \times 100}{80} = 62.5 \). Calculate \( 62.5 \% \) of \( 50 \): \( \frac{62.5}{100} \times 50 = 31.25 \).
5 / 44
Value: 12, 16, 20, 24, 28
Data set A frequency: 4, 6, 8, 6, 4
Data set B frequency: 2, 5, 10, 5, 2
Data set A and Data set B each contain 28 values. The table shows the frequencies of the values for each data set. Which of the following statements best compares the means of the two data sets?
Data set B has higher frequencies around the center value (20) compared to Data set A, resulting in equal means for both data sets.
6 / 44
A cube has a volume of 27,000 cubic units. What is the surface area, in square units, of the cube?
To find the surface area, first find the side length using \( V = s^3 \). Given \( V = 27000 \), find \( s = \sqrt[3]{27000} = 30 \). The surface area is given by \( 6s^2 \). Therefore, the surface area is \( 6(30)^2 = 5400 \) square units.
7 / 44
The half-life of a radioactive substance is 3 years. The initial quantity of the substance is 5 grams. Which equation best represents the quantity \( Q \) of the substance remaining after \( x \) minutes?
The half-life is 3 years, so the remaining quantity after \( x \) minutes is \( Q = 5 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{\frac{x}{3 \cdot 365 \cdot 24 \cdot 60}} \).
8 / 44
Poll results: Candidate X – 350 votes Candidate Y – 450 votes
In a poll of 800 voters, Candidate X received 350 votes, and Candidate Y received 450 votes. If 5,600 people vote in the election, how many more votes is Candidate Y expected to receive compared to Candidate X?
Calculate percentages: Candidate X received \( \frac{350}{800} = 0.4375 \), or 43.75%. Candidate Y received \( \frac{450}{800} = 0.5625 \), or 56.25%. If 5,600 people vote, Candidate X would receive \( 0.4375 \times 5600 = 2450 \) votes, and Candidate Y \( 0.5625 \times 5600 = 3150 \) votes. The difference is \( 3150 – 2450 = 700 \) votes.
9 / 44
h(t) = 200 – 5t The function h models the amount of water, in gallons, in a container t hours after it begins to leak. According to the model, what is the predicted amount of water, in pints, leaking from the container each day?
The leakage rate is 5 gallons per hour. Over one day (24 hours), the volume leaked is 5 * 24 = 120 gallons. Converting to pints (1 gallon = 8 pints), the answer is 960 pints.
10 / 44
The measure of angle A is \( \frac{\pi}{4} \) radians. The measure of angle B is \( \frac{3\pi}{8} \) radians greater than the measure of angle A. What is the measure of angle B, in degrees?
First, find the measure of angle B in radians: \( \frac{\pi}{4} + \frac{3\pi}{8} = \frac{5\pi}{8} \). Then, convert to degrees by multiplying by \( \frac{180}{\pi} \): \( \frac{5\pi}{8} \cdot \frac{180}{\pi} = 112.5 \) degrees.
11 / 44
The exponential function \( f \) is defined by \( f(x) = 8 \cdot d^x \), where \( d \) is a positive constant. If \( f(3) = 1024 \), what is \( f(-2) \)?
Since \( f(3) = 1024 \), substitute into \( f(x) = 8 \cdot d^x \): \( 8 \cdot d^3 = 1024 \Rightarrow d^3 = 128 \Rightarrow d = 4 \). Now find \( f(-2) \): \( f(-2) = 8 \cdot 4^{-2} = 8 \cdot \frac{1}{16} = 0.5 \).
12 / 44
Given the equation \( x(2x + 3) – 9 = 4x(x – 6) \), what is the sum of the solutions to the given equation?
Expanding the equation, we obtain \( 2x^2 + 3x – 9 = 4x^2 – 24x \). Rearranging terms, we get \( -2x^2 + 27x – 9 = 0 \). Using the quadratic formula, the sum of the solutions is given by \( -b/a \), where \( a = -2 \) and \( b = 27 \), which yields \( 27/2 \).
13 / 44
What percentage of \(700\) is \(350\)?
The percentage can be calculated using the formula: \( \frac{350}{700} \times 100 = 50\% \).
14 / 44
\( 8z + 4 = 4(2z + 1) \). How many solutions does the given equation have?
Both sides simplify to \( 8z + 4 \), making the equation true for all values of z. Therefore, there are infinitely many solutions.
15 / 44
Square C has side lengths that are 8 times the side lengths of square D. The area of square C is \( k \) times the area of square D. What is the value of \( k \)?
Since the side lengths of square C are 8 times those of square D, the area of square C is \( 8^2 = 64 \) times the area of square D. Therefore, \( k = 64 \).
16 / 44
\(x^2 – 6x + 3 = 0.\) One solution to the given equation can be written as \(3 + \sqrt{k}\), where \(k\) is a constant. What is the value of \(k\)?
Using the quadratic formula, \(x = \frac{6 \pm \sqrt{36 – 12}}{2} = 3 \pm \sqrt{6}\). So, the solution can be written as \(3 + \sqrt{6}\) and the correct value of \(k\) is 6.
17 / 44
A line in the xy-plane has a slope of \( \frac{3}{5} \) and passes through the point \( (2, -4) \). Which of the following equations represents this line?
Using the point-slope form \( y – y_1 = m(x – x_1) \) with the slope \( m = \frac{3}{5} \) and point \( (2, -4) \), the resulting equation is \( y = \frac{3}{5}x – \frac{22}{5} \).
18 / 44
\( 10a – 3 = 10(a – 0.3) + 0 \). How many solutions does the given equation have?
Expanding the right side results in \( 10a – 3 \), which is identical to the left side. Therefore, the equation holds for all values of a, implying infinitely many solutions.
19 / 44
For the function g, the value of g(x) increases by 20% for every increase in the value of x by 1. If g(0) = 30, which equation defines g?
The function increases by 20%, which means it becomes 1.20 times its previous value at each step. The multiplier is 1.20. Therefore, the correct equation is \( g(x) = 30(1.20)^x \).
20 / 44
For the function p, the value of p(x) decreases by 60% for every increase in the value of x by 1. If p(0) = 50, which equation defines p?
Since the function decreases by 60%, it retains 40% of its value at each step. Thus, the multiplier for the decay is 0.40. Therefore, the correct equation is \( p(x) = 50(0.40)^x \).
21 / 44
Caleb used juice to make popsicles. The function f(x) = -5x + 30 approximates the volume, in fluid ounces, of juice Caleb had remaining after making x popsicles. Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph of y=f(x) in the xy-plane in this context?
In the function f(x) = -5x + 30, the y-intercept (where x = 0) represents the initial amount of juice Caleb had before he made any popsicles. When x = 0, f(0) = 30, indicating that Caleb started with 30 fluid ounces of juice.
22 / 44
\(x(mx – 40\) = -25. In the given equation, m is an integer constant. If the equation has no real solution, what is the least possible value of m?
To have no real solution, the discriminant of \(x(m x – 40) + 25 = 0\) must be negative. Solving gives \(\)m^2 < 25[/latex], so the smallest integer for [latex]m[/latex] is 5.
23 / 44
\(w = \frac{g}{2p + 9q}\). The given equation relates the distinct positive numbers \(w, g, p,\) and \(q\). Which equation correctly expresses \(2p + 9q\) in terms of \(w\) and \(g\)?
To isolate \(2p + 9q\), multiply both sides by \((2p + 9q)\), resulting in \(g = w(2p + 9q)\). Dividing by \(w\) gives \(2p + 9q = \frac{g}{w}\).
24 / 44
Consider the system of inequalities: \( y \geq 2x + 3 \) and \( x + y \leq 7 \). Which point \( (x, y) \) is a solution to the system in the xy-plane?
Substitute \( (1, 5) \) into both inequalities. Both inequalities are satisfied.
25 / 44
What percentage of \(200\) is \(50\)?
The percentage can be calculated using the formula: \( \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \times 100 \). Here, \( \frac{50}{200} \times 100 = 25\% \).
26 / 44
\(j(x) = 3050(0.90)^{x/3}\)
The function \(j\) models the value, in dollars, of a vehicle after \(x\) months. If the value of the vehicle decreases each year by \(m\)% of its value from the preceding year, what is the value of \(m\)?
The decay factor is 0.90 per three months, equating to a 10% drop per quarter. After one year, this approximates to a 34% annual decay rate, so \(m = 34\).
27 / 44
The function \( f \) is defined by \( f(x) = 300(0.2)^x \). What is the value of \( f(0) \)?
To find \( f(0) \), substitute \( 0 \) for \( x \) in the function: \( f(0) = 300(0.2)^0 \). Since any non-zero number raised to the power of \( 0 \) is \( 1 \), the expression becomes \( 300 imes 1 = 300 \).
28 / 44
A construction worker used concrete to build foundations. The function k(x) = -8x + 64 approximates the amount of concrete, in cubic feet, the worker had remaining after building x foundations. Which statement is the best interpretation of the y-intercept of the graph of y=k(x) in the xy-plane in this context?
In the function k(x) = -8x + 64, the y-intercept (where x = 0) represents the initial amount of concrete the worker had before building any foundations. When x = 0, k(0) = 64, indicating that the worker started with 64 cubic feet of concrete.
29 / 44
Let \(f(x) = 5x^2 – 20x + 95\) and define \(g(x) = f(x + 3)\). For what value of \(x\) does \(g(x)\) reach its minimum?
Rewrite \(f(x)\) in vertex form as \(5(x – 2)^2 + 75\). The minimum of \(f(x)\) is at \(x = 2\), so \(g(x) = f(x + 3)\) shifts this to \(x = -1\).
30 / 44
Poll results: Candidate P – 725 votes Candidate Q – 275 votes
According to the poll of 1,000 voters, Candidate P received 725 votes, and Candidate Q received 275 votes. If 8,000 people vote in the election, how many more votes would Candidate P receive compared to Candidate Q?
Calculate percentages: Candidate P received \( \frac{725}{1000} = 0.725 \), or 72.5%. Candidate Q received \( \frac{275}{1000} = 0.275 \), or 27.5%. If 8,000 people vote, Candidate P would receive \( 0.725 \times 8000 = 5800 \) votes, and Candidate Q \( 0.275 \times 8000 = 2200 \) votes. The difference is \( 5800 – 2200 = 3600 \) votes.
31 / 44
A colony of microorganisms starts with a population of 4,000. After three hours, the population has grown to 32,000. Following the exponential growth formula \( P = C(2)^{rt} \), where \( t \) represents hours, determine the value of \( r \).
Start by setting up the equation: \( 32,000 = 4,000(2)^{3r} \). Divide both sides by 4,000 to obtain \( 8 = (2)^{3r} \). Taking the logarithm base 2 of both sides yields \( 3 = 3r \). Therefore, \( r = 1 \).
32 / 44
\(q = \frac{m}{10a + 3b}\). The given equation relates the distinct positive numbers \(q, m, a,\) and \(b\). Which equation correctly expresses \(10a + 3b\) in terms of \(q\) and \(m\)?
Isolate \(10a + 3b\) by multiplying both sides by \((10a + 3b)\), resulting in \(m = q(10a + 3b)\). Dividing by \(q\) gives \(10a + 3b = \frac{m}{q}\).
33 / 44
\(x(rx – 120) = -64.\) In the given equation, r is an integer constant. If the equation has no real solution, what is the least possible value of r?
To have no real solution, the discriminant of \(x(r x – 120) + 64 = 0\) must be negative. Solving gives \(\)r^2 < 64[/latex], so the smallest integer for [latex]r[/latex] is 8.
34 / 44
Given the equation \( x(x + 2) – 10 = 3x(x – 5) \), what is the sum of the solutions to the given equation?
Expanding the equation, we obtain \( x^2 + 2x – 10 = 3x^2 – 15x \). Rearranging terms, we get \( -2x^2 + 17x – 10 = 0 \). Using the quadratic formula, the sum of the solutions is given by \( -b/a \), where \( a = -2 \) and \( b = 17 \), which yields \( 17/2 \).
35 / 44
f(t) = 250 – 3t The function f models the volume of liquid, in liters, in a tank t seconds after it starts draining. According to the model, what is the predicted volume, in milliliters, draining from the tank each minute?
Since the rate of drainage is 3 liters per second, over one minute (60 seconds), the volume drained would be 3 * 60 = 180 liters. Converting to milliliters (1 liter = 1000 mL), the answer is 180,000 mL.
36 / 44
Given the system of equations:
\( 15x + 2y = 90 \) \( 5x + y = 60 \)
The solution to the system is \( (x, y) \). What is the value of \( y \)?
Solving for \( y \) using substitution or elimination, we find that \( y = 30 \).
37 / 44
In the xy-plane, the equation \( 36x^2 + 432px + 36y^2 – 288py = -1296p^2 \)represents a circle. The length of the radius of the circle is np, where n and p are positive constants. What is the value of n?
Dividing the equation by 36, completing the square, and simplifying gives n = 12.
38 / 44
A researcher initially measures 8,000 units of a certain substance. Six hours later, the substance’s quantity has increased to 64,000 units. Assuming exponential growth, the formula \( P = C(2)^{rt} \) represents the amount of substance, where \( C \) is a constant and \( P \) is the quantity after \( t \) hours. What is the value of \( r \)?
Start by setting up the equation with the given values: \( 64,000 = 8,000(2)^{6r} \). Divide both sides by 8,000 to get \( 8 = (2)^{6r} \). Taking the logarithm base 2 of both sides gives \( 3 = 6r \). Therefore, \( r = \frac{1}{2} \).
39 / 44
The table below gives the coordinates of two points on a line in the xy-plane:
| x | y | |—-|—-| | \(n\) | 12 | | \(n – 6\) | -18 |
The y-intercept of the line is at \((n + 2, b)\), where \(n\) and \(b\) are constants. What is the value of \(b\)?
Find the slope using the points, then derive the line’s equation. Set \(x = n + 2\) to find \(b = 48\).
40 / 44
For \(x > 0\), the function \(q\) is defined as follows: \(q(x)\) equals 130% of \(x\). Which of the following could describe this function?
The function \(q(x) = 1.3x\) represents a proportional increase, showing a steady, linear growth with respect to \(x\). Therefore, ‘Increasing Linear’ is correct.
41 / 44
One of the factors of \(3x^3 + 27x^2 + 54x\) is \(x + b\), where \(b\) is a positive constant. What is the smallest possible value of \(b\)?
Factor out the greatest common factor, \(3x\), from the expression: \(3x(x^2 + 9x + 18)\). Then factor \(x^2 + 9x + 18\) as \((x + 3)(x + 6)\). The smallest possible value of \(b\) is 3.
42 / 44
\(x(nx – 72)\) = -36. In the given equation, n is an integer constant. If the equation has no real solution, what is the least possible value of n?
To have no real solution, the discriminant of \(x(n x – 72) + 36 = 0\) must be negative. Solving gives \(\)n^2 < 36[/latex], so the smallest integer for [latex]n[/latex] is 6.
43 / 44
If \(\frac{c}{d} = 2\) and \(\frac{40c}{qd} = 2\), what is the value of \(q\)?
Since \(\frac{c}{d} = 2\), we have \(c = 2d\). Substitute into \(\frac{40c}{qd} = 2\) to get \(\frac{40(2d)}{qd} = 2\). Simplify to \(\frac{80d}{qd} = 2\), cancel \(d\) and solve to find \(q = 40\).
44 / 44
Which ordered pair is a solution to the following equations:
\( y = (x + 5)(x – 3) \) \( y = 6x – 15 \)
Only \( (3, 3) \) is a solution that satisfies both equations.
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